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* How would you like to explain Eliot's theory of depersonalization? You can explain this with the help of a chemical reaction in the presence of a catalyst agent, platinum.
Introduction
When T S Eliot began his literary career, he announced that he was a 'Royalist' in politics, an ‘Anglo-Catholic' in religion and a 'Classicist' in literature. It's his Classicism which constitutes the core, the essence of his essay "TRADITION AND INDIVIDUAL TALENT ".
Three parts of his essay :
The very essay is divided divided into three Parts: The first part of the essay deals with Eliot's concept of Tradition; the second part mentions his well- known 'THEORY OF IMPERSONALITY '; and the third part is in the form of conclusion which dumps up the entire discussion. In the present topic under presentation, Eliot's most remarkable contribution to the theory and principle of poetry. . 'IMPERSONALITY THEORY' has been discussed. Herein, an attempt has been made to critically evaluate Eliot's views on the process of poetic composition with apt illustrations.
About his theory of Depersonalization :
In "Tradition and Individual Talent", Eliot opposes the Romantic conception by advancing his theory of impersonality in art and opines that the artistic process is a process of depersonalization and that the artist will surrender himself totally to the creative work. Eliot particularly objected to the great Romantics as well as Victorians who exaggerated the need to express human personality and subjective feeling and he says, "The progress of am artist is a continual self sacrifice, a continual extinction of personality."
''Poetry is not a turning loose of emotion but an escape from emotion; it is not the expression of personality but an escape from personality."
Eliot holds that the poet and the poem are two separate things and "that the feelings or the emotion, or vision, resulting from the poem is something different from the feeling or emotion or vision in the mind of the poet." Hence, he elucidates his theory of impersonality by examining, first, the relation of the poet to the part and secondly, the relation of the poem to its author. Eliot realizes that the past exists in the present. "No poet, no artist of any art, has his complete meaning alone. His signification, his appreciation, is the appreciation of his relation to the dead poets and artists. You can value him alone. You must set him for contrast and comparison among the deads."
Relation of poem to writer :
Eliot points out the relation of the poem to its author; and says that the poem has no relation to the poet. There is detached or alienation between the poet and his poem. The difference between the mind of a nature poet and that of am immature one is that the mind of a nature poet is "a more finely perfected medium in which special or varied feelings are at liberty to enter into new combinations". According to Eliot, the art emotion is different from personal emotion. A successful artist s he, who can generalize emotion in the reader's one while he himself seemed to be unaffected by any emotion. In the other hand he should be depersonalized in experience he describes in the poem.
Eliot next compares the poet's mind to a receptacle in which are stored numberless feelings, emotion, images, phases etc. , which remain there in an unorganized and chaotic form till, "all the particles which can unite to form a new compound are present together." Thus poetry is organization rather than inspiration. And the greatness of a poem does not depend upon the greatness or the intensity of the emotions, but upon the intensity of the process of poetic composition. The more intense the poetic process, the greater the poem.
He strongly believes that "the differences between art and the event are always absolute. Eliot illustrate his view by a few examples among which one is of Keats' One to a Nightingale, which contains a number of feelings which have nothing particular to do with the nightingale, but which the nightingale ,partly perhaps because it's attractive name, and partly because of it's reputation served to bring together. He illustrates his theory by a few examples. The artistic emotion evoked by Dante in his treatment of the episode of Paolo and Francesca is different from the actual emotion in the situation. The artistic emotion may approximate to the actual emotion as in Agamemnon the artistic emotion approximates to the emotion of am actual spectator; in Othello to the emotion of the protagonist himself.
Main concern of Eliot for Poet :
Eliot believes that the main concern of the poet is not the expression of personality. He says, “the poet has, not a personality to express but a particular medium which is only a medium and a personality, in which impressions and experiences combine in peculiar and unexpected ways, impressions and experiences which are important for the may take no place in the poetry, and those which become important in the poetry may play quite a negligible part in the man, the personality”. Again, there is no need for poet to try to express new human emotions in poetry. The business of the poet. Eliot says, is not to find new emotions, but use of the ordinary ones and, in working them up in poetry, to express feelings which are not in actual emotions at all". Eliot's final definition of poetry is: "poetry is not a turning loose of emotion, but an escape from emotion: it is not the expression of personality, but an escape from personality."
What is the relationship between “tradition” and “the individual talent,” according to the poet T. S. Eliot?
According to T.S. Eliot tradition and individual talent are not separate entity. They are inseparable and hence go together. He says that real talent never inherited but it reveals by their work or learning process. It is vice-verse.
"Some can absorb knowledge, the more tardy must sweat for it. Shakespeare acquired more essential history from Plutarch than most men could from the whole British Museum".
"Some can absorb knowledge; the more tardy must sweat for it. Shakespeare acquired more essential history from Plutarch than most men could from the whole British Museum". In this quote Eliot explain that to be a good poet one must have the common sense. It is not necessary for a poet to read all the literary history of the past but one has to have understanding of human nature. Like the Shakespeare who is not a university student or very educated fellow, but he easily understood everything which the university wits and his contemporary could not. In our Gujarati and Hindi literature there are examples like Narsinh Maheta, Meera, Kabir etc. who never went to school.
"Honest criticism and sensitive appreciation is directed not upon the poet but upon the poetry"
His theory of denationalization stats with honest criticism and sensitive appreciation is directed not upon the poet but upon the poetry. Because he surrender himself as he is at the moment to something which is more valuable. Honest criticism and sensitive appreciation that time possible when artist sacrifice him or herself and also extinction of his personality that time poetry becomes more valuable and it is become well.
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